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56 杨戈:带状疱疹疫苗:守护特殊人群免受“缠腰龙”之苦 2024 年 8 月 第 4 期
【安全性】不推荐在化疗引起的骨髓抑制期接种带状疱疹疫苗,特别是使用长效强力免疫
抑制剂后。部分患者在接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗后,因担心复杂的免疫反应可能导致不良
反应。近期一项研究结果显示:使用免疫检查点抑制剂的患者接种带状疱疹疫苗后,免疫应答
率超过70%,不良反应发生率并未明显增加 [16] 。
总结
带状疱疹疫苗为 HIV 感染者、免疫抑制剂使用者及肿瘤患者等特殊人群提供了重要的预
防手段。尽管这些群体的免疫应答可能稍低于正常人,但疫苗仍能提供不同程度的保护,并展
现出总体良好的安全性。个体化接种策略、适时的免疫功能监测以及多学科协作是确保特殊
人群有效接种带状疱疹疫苗的关键。
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